October 14: President T. Roosevelt shot but delivers speech, Dr. King awarded Nobel Peace Prize

October 14, 8:06 PMPortland History ExaminerNatalie Leavitt

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Maine Fast Fact: Massachusetts allowed Maine to petition for statehood in 1819.

Births:

• 1644: William Penn, English founder of Pennsylvania
• 1797: Francis Lightfoot Lee, American signer of the Declaration of Independence
• 1890: Dwight D. Eisenhower, 35th President of the United States, U.S. General
• 1894: e.e. cummings, American poet
• 1939: Ralph Lauren, American fashion designer
• 1945: Colin Hodgkinson, English musician, bassist for the rock band Whitesnake
• 1959: A.J. Pero, American musician, drummer for the heavy metal band Twisted Sister
• 1961: Isaac Mizrahi, American fashion designer
• 1974: Natalie Maines, American musician, singer, songwriter and lead vocalist for the country music group The Dixie Chicks
• 1978: Usher, American singer and actor

Deaths:

• 1911: John Marshall Harlan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice
• 1977: Bing Crosby, American singer and actor
• 1990: Leonard Bernstein, American composer and conductor

History:

• 1773: Cargo from the United Kingdom’s East India Company’s tea ships are burned in Annapolis, Maryland; The first recorded Ministry of Education is formed in Poland.
• 1863: General Robert E. Lee’s Confederate forces fail to drive the Union Army out of Virginia at the Battle of Bristoe Station.
• 1884: Paper-strip photographic film is patented by George Eastman.
• 1912: Former President Theodore Roosevelt is shot by a saloonkeeper while campaigning in Milwaukee, Wisconsin but still delivers his scheduled speech despite his wound and the bullet still in him.
• 1916: Paul Robeson, a sophomore tackle on the Rutgers University football team and the only black student on campus, is excluded from the team when Washington and Lee University refuses to play against a black student.
• 1926: A.A. Milne’s children’s book Winnie-the-Pooh is first published.
• 1933: Nazi Germany withdraws from the League of Nations.
• 1943: A revolt of prisoners takes place at the Sobibor death camp in Poland, resulting in the death of 11 SS’s and 600 prisoners escape.
• 1947: Chuck Yeager flies his Bell X-2 and becomes the first man to fly faster than the speed of sound.
• 1958: African Americans are accepted as members into the District of Colombia Bar Association.
• 1962: A U.S. Air Force aircraft flies over Cuba and takes photos of Soviet nuclear weapons being installed, the beginning of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
• 1964: Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 1968: At the Presidio in San Francisco, 27 soldiers are arrested for their peaceful protest against stockade conditions and the Vietnam War; The U.S. Department of Defense announces that the U.S. Marines and the U.S. Army will be sending 24,000 troops back to Vietnam for involuntary second tours; Apollo 7 makes the first live telecast from a manned U.S. spacecraft; Jim Hines of the USA breaks the ten second barrier in the 100 meter Olympic final at Mexico City with a time of 9.95 seconds, holding the record until 1977.
• 1979: The National March on Washington for Lesbian and Gay Rights, the first Gay Rights March on Washington, D.C., takes place drawing 200,000 people and demanding “an end to all social, economic, judicial, and legal oppression of lesbian and gay people.”
• 1982: President Ronald Reagan declares a War on Drugs.
• 1986: Holocaust survivor, humans rights advocate and author Elie Wiesel wins the Nobel Peace Prize.
• 2003: John Allen Muhammad pleads innocent to murder in the Washington-area sniper case.
• 2004: A suicide bomber kills four Americans in a guarded “Green Zone” in Baghdad.

October 14 is National Teacher’s Day in Poland, celebrating the anniversary of the creation of the Commission of National Education in 1773. It is also World Standards Day, a day of celebrating the efforts of those experts who develop standards working with organizations such as the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).