Heat Illness 101: 5 tips for prevention and treatment

July 17, 12:53 PMPortland Fatherhood ExaminerPerry P. Perkins

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When summer temps soar, children are a common victim of heat stroke and heat related illnesses. With a bit of caution, these dangerous, sometimes life-threatening situations can be avoided.

Here are a few tips:

1. Make sure children get plenty to drink. Dehydration is a leading cause of heat illness in both adults and children. Avoid sugar-laden soft drinks and juices, and stick with pure, or lightly flavored water, or sports drinks that replace electrolytes, such as Gatorade.

2. As much as we all like to soak up the rays, the more of the body’s surface that's protected from the sun with lightweight, breathable clothing (including a hat) the less likely that sunburn-related illness will occur. For those areas that aren’t protected from direct sunlight, a high quality sun-block ointment (SPF 30) is a necessity. Children’s skin tends to be much more susceptible to burn, and much more quickly, than adults.

3. Early symptoms of heat illnesses can include dizziness, extreme sweating, lethargy, and cold or clammy skin. These are often accompanied by feelings of unease or anxiety, and unusual aggravation. More serious symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, and unconsciousness. Know what to look for and treat any symptoms as soon as possible. Remember, children are far less likely than adults to recognize their own symptoms and seek help.

4. If you think your child is exhibiting symptoms of heat illness, get them out of the sun and to a cool place as quickly as possible, even an air-conditioned vehicle will work. Have them lie down, and elevate their legs. Have them drink in slow sips, and tepid or slightly cool drinks are better than cold. Another way to cool a person is cool (not cold) wet towels.  Wrap them around the head, and then cover the neck, and plave more in the armpits, and groin.

5. For early or very mild symptoms, continue to monitor the child, and if they worsen, take them to a doctor immediately. If your child seems to improve, call it a day and take them home to rest, continuing to monitor them for the rest of the day. For more serious initial symptoms, don't take any chances and get them medical attention immediately.

Have a fun, sunny, and safe summer!

-Perry