"Were you dropped on your head when you were a kid?" There may be some truth to the decrease in mental functioning implied by this insulting phrase. Traumatic brain injury, also known as TBI, occurs when an event causes severe damage to the brain. TBI can be caused by lack of oxygen to the brain, brain tumors, or skull fractures, and the effects are often devastating.
While obvious physical changes can occur, such as speech impairment or decreased motility, there is also growing evidence suggesting a pattern between traumatic brain injury and psychiatric disorders, including personality changes.
According to a 30-year study published by the American Psychiatric Association, the most common mental disorder following brain trauma is major depression. Alcohol abuse, panic disorders, phobias, and psychotic disorders were also prevalent. According to the study, the disorders can last for decades.
Another study published by the American Psychiatric Association found a correlation between the severity of the brain injury and the degree of personality change. Those with greater injuries suffered the most severe personality change, and were also more intellectually disabled.
Not much can be done to reverse the damage caused by TBI's, but early treatment can stabilize the patient and prevent further disabilities. Rehabilitation can include occupational therapy, social support, and psychiatry.
The BC Neuropsychiatry Program based out of Vancouver, BC serves adults with mental illnesses caused by brain injuries or disorders. To contact the program, email bcnp@vch.ca or phone 604.822.9758.
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