Medical researchers have long known that particulate matter from car exhaust can cause or exacerbate asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. More recently, they've discovered that our hearts are vulnerable too; exhaust particles cause tens of thousands of premature deaths each year by hastening coronary artery disease, heart failure, and heart palpitations. Bits of evidence have even emerged suggesting that the stuff coming out of tailpipes increases the risk of appendicitis, damages sperm, and causes premature births.
Yet, overall, we're curiously unconcerned about air pollution, despite fairly frequent reminders that it remains a major health risk. You won't, for example, find many Americans whipping out their surgical masks to cover up their mouths during high pollution days as you might in Taipei. And you certainly won't find many of us alarmed enough about air pollution to worry about the risks associated with hopping in our cars to commute to work or, heck, to the CVS that's two blocks down the street.
The risk of air pollution is, after all, fairly low for any one individual. But, then again, a low level of risk has hardly stopped Americans from fretting about bisphenol A in baby bottles or phthalates in rubber duckies, for example. Over a couple years as a medical reporter, in fact, I quickly learned that nothing riles American parents up like the knowledge that invisible chemicals with ominous scientific-sounding names may be threatening the health of infants. And that's exactly why I'm guessing that the latest news about air pollution may resonate--and by resonate I mean frighten--parents in ways that previous findings have not.
A study published this week in the journal Pediatrics found that pregnant mothers exposed to high levels of air pollution--specifically polcyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)--for the last few months of their pregnancies bore children with lower IQs than similarly matched mothers in areas with lower pollution. The children exposed to the most air pollution scored 5 points lower at age 5 on the intelligence tests than those exposed to lower levels. The mothers were exposed to a variety of common urban air pollutants, especially from cars, buses, and trucks.
Patrick Breysse, an environmental health researcher at Johns Hopkins told the Associated Press: "It's a profound observation. This paper is going to open a lot of eyes."
Let's hope so.
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