Flublok, the first trivalent influenza vaccine made using an insect virus (baculovirus) expression system and recombinant DNA technology has just been approved by the FDA for the prevention of seasonal influenza in people 18 through 49 years of age.
Unlike current vaccines, Flublok does not use the influenza virus or eggs in its production. Instead, manufacturer Protein Sciences Corp, of Meriden, CT has devised a unique technology allowing for production of large quantities of the influenza virus protein, hemagglutinin (the active ingredient in all inactivated influenza vaccines that is essential for entry of the virus into cells in the body). Flublok contains three, full-length, recombinant hemagglutinin proteins to help protect against two influenza virus A strains, H1N1 and H3N2, and one influenza virus B strain.
Although this technology is new to flu vaccine production, it is used to make vaccines that have been approved by the FDA to prevent other infectious diseases.
“This approval represents a scientific advance in the manufacturing of an influenza vaccine,” said Karen Midthun, M.D., director of the FDA’s Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research. “The new technology offers the potential for faster start-up of the vaccine manufacturing process in the event of a pandemic, because it is not dependent on an egg supply or on availability of the influenza virus.”
Each year, the FDA, World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and other public health experts collaborate on the review of influenza disease surveillance and laboratory data collected from around the world in an effort to identify strains that may cause the most illness in the upcoming season. Based on that information and on the recommendations of the FDA’s Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee, the FDA selects the different influenza strains each year that manufacturers should include in their vaccines for the U.S. population for the upcoming influenza season. The closer the match between the circulating strains causing disease and the strains in the vaccine, the better the protection against influenza.
The effectiveness of the new vaccine was determined in a study conducted at various sites in the United States that compared the use of Flublok in about 2,300 people to a placebo that was given to a control group of similar size. Flublok was about 45% effective against all circulating influenza strains, not just the strains that matched the strains included in the vaccine.
The most commonly reported adverse events included pain at the site of injection, headache, fatigue and muscle aches, events also typical for conventional egg-based, inactivated influenza vaccines.
For more information readers can contact the FDA directly at 888-INFO-FDA, or go online to OCOD@fda.hhs.gov
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