The strikingly beautiful Columbia River Gorge to the east of Portland might today be dotted with McMansions, resorts, marinas, casinos, trailer parks and all sorts of unsightly commercial development if it were not for federal legislation enacted 25 years ago. The bill creating the Columbia River Gorge National Scenic Area was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Reagan in November, 1986.
Every time we gaze upriver from Vista House, stroll across the glorious oak savannas above Catherine Creek, hike out to the tip of Rowena Point, or zigzag up through wildflowers to the crest of Dog, Hamilton or The Dalles Mountain, we are so grateful for the efforts that have gone into preserving those wonderful places for public access and enjoyment.
Approximately 80 miles long and 4,000 feet deep, this unique pass through the Cascade Mountain Range was created eons ago by Ice Age floods, volcanic action, and relentless sculpting by North America’s fourth largest river. City fathers recognized the scenic appeal of the Gorge in the early 1900s when the original Columbia River Highway was commissioned. Before and during the Great Depression crews built trails up many of the prominent ridges and side streams, providing access to fantastic waterfalls and viewpoints. A few state parks were established along the river for picnicking, boating and swimming.
But as the Portland-Vancouver metropolitan area grew and access got easier, pressures mounted to exploit and develop the Columbia Gorge. Urban housing began to move upriver on the Washington side and view lots were being snatched up on either side. By the 1970s, the Gorge was truly threatened with over-development.
The Friends of the Columbia Gorge was formed in 1980. This citizen’s group led by founder Nancy Russell worked with civic and political leaders including Governors McCall, Straub, and Evans; Senators Hatfield, Packwood, Evans and Gorton; and Representatives AuCoin, Wyden, Weaver and Bonker to achieve the Columbia Gorge National Scenic Area designation. A commission representing six counties and two states was established to work with the US Forest Service to inventory and manage the resource. The management plan allows for limited development within the urban areas of the Gorge, but aims primarily to protect the scenic, recreational, historic and cultural values inherent in the as yet unspoiled Columbia Gorge.
Despite the dams, railroads and highways, the 292,000 acre Gorge Scenic Area today is an unusually beautiful place, dripping with waterfalls, draped in lush forests and laced with trails. It is a tourist attraction comparable to any National Park. Witness the jammed parking lots at Multnomah Falls, Eagle Creek, Rooster Rock, Beacon Rock, and the wind surfing areas out near Hood River. Count the cars at Rowena Crest, Dog Mountain, and the hiking/biking wonderland out at the Labyrinth and Catherine Creek between Bingen and Lyle. The Gorge’s popularity as a recreational destination continues to grow.
We are all indebted to the individuals, conservation groups, political leaders and agencies that have worked hard to preserve this unique slice of natural real estate for the enjoyment of all.
To celebrate this extraordinary resource, get out and enjoy it. Join and support the Friends of the Columbia Gorge and participate in their active hiking program. Join me in wishing a happy 25th anniversary to the Columbia Gorge National Scenic Area!
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